Rare Earth Samarium Cobalt Magnets

Rare Earth SmCo Magnets, Permanent Samarium Cobalt Magnets, Samarium Cobalt Magnets1:5, Samarium Cobalt Magnets2:17

The Samarium–Cobalt (SmCo) magnets, a type of rare-earth magnet, is a strong permanent magnet made of an alloy of samarium and cobalt. They were developed in the early 1960s based on work done by Dr. Karl Strnat and Dr. Alden Rey at Wright-Patterson AFB and the University of Dayton, respectively.

Samarium Cobalt Magnets are arguably the best permanent magnet material commercially available, with remanence similar to neodymium magnets, but with higher temperature ratings and with superior temperature stability. There are two types of Samarium Cobalt (SmCo) magnets, SmCo 1:5, and SmCo 2:17.

Application of Samarium Cobalt Magnets

Sensors
Magnetic couplings
High-performance motors
Magnetic separators

Samarium Cobalt(SmCo) magnets are a high-performance low-temperature coefficient permanent magnet made of samarium and cobalt and other rare earth elements. Sm-Co magnets can be operated at higher temperatures up to 300 C. Sm-Co materials come in energy products from 16 MGOe up to 33 MGOe. Their high resistance to demagnetizing influences and excellent thermal stability has ensured Sm-Co as the premium choice for the most demanding motor applications.

Advantage

Excellent thermal stability
High magnetic properties
Good corrosion resistance
High resistance to demagnetization

Disadvantage

Difficult to machine
Expensive material (cobalt is market price sensitive)

Samarium Cobalt Magnets(SmCo 1:5)

As the nomination indicates, the samarium–cobalt magnets 1:5 alloys (generally written as SmCo5, or SmCo 1:5) have one atom of rare earth samarium per five atoms of cobalt. By weight, this magnet alloy will typically contain a 36% samarium with the balance cobalt. Sometimes Praseodymium is alloyed to increase the remanence. The energy products of these samarium–cobalt alloys range from 16 MGOe to 25 MGOe, that is, approx. 128 – 200 kJ/m3. Contrary to SmCo 2:17 magnets, the 1:5 magnets are relatively easy to magnetize and saturation magnetization can be achieved with a moderate magnetizing field. Therefore, 1:5 magnets are easier to calibrate to a specific magnetic field than the SmCo 2:17 magnets.

Samarium Cobalt Magnets(SmCo 2:17)

These alloys (written as Sm2Co17, or SmCo Series 2:17) are age-hardened with a composition of two atoms of rare-earth samarium per 13–17 atoms of transition metals (TM). The TM content is rich in cobalt but contains also other metals such as iron and copper. Other elements like Zirconium and Hafnium etc. may be added in small quantities to achieve better heat treatment response. The maximum energy products of these alloys range from 20 to 32 MGOe, which is about 160-260 kJ/m3. These alloys have the best reversible temperature coefficient of remanence of all rare-earth alloys, typically being -0.03%/°C.

In Sm2Co17 magnets, the coercivity mechanism is based on domain wall pinning (in contrary to SmCo 1:5 and NdFeB where it’s nucleation). The purpose of alloying and heat treatment is to create a microstructure inside the magnets which impede the domain wall motion and thereby resist the magnetization reversal process.

Magnetic Properties of Samarium Cobalt (SmCo) Magnets:

Material	Code	Remanence Br		Coercivity Force		Intrinsic Coercivity		Maximum Energy		Curie	Maximum Operating
						Force		Product Bhm		Temperature	Temperature
		Br		bHc		iHc		(BH)max		TC	TW
		T	KGs	KA/m	KOe	KA/m	KOe	KJ/m 3	MGOe	° C	° C
Sintered
	YX-18	0.85-0.9	8.5-9.0	620-648	7.8-8.2	1194-1513	15-19	127-143	16-18	750	250
SmCo1: 5	YX-20	0.92-0.96	9.2-9.6	653-717	8.2-9.0	1194-1513	15-19	150-167	19-21	750	250
	YX-24	0.96-1.0	9.6-10.2	730-770	9.2-9.7	1194-1513	15-19	175-190	22-24	750	250

	YXG-24	0.95-1.02	9.5-10.2	637-732	8.0-9.2	1433-1990	18-25	175-190	22-24	800	350
SmCo2: 17	YXG-26	1.02-1.05	10.2-10.5	748-796	9.4-10.0	1433-1990	18-25	195-215	24-26	800	350
	YXG-28	1.05-0.08	10.5-10.8	756-796	9.5-10.0	1433-1831	18-25	205-220	26-28	800	350
	YXG-28B	1.02-1.10	10.2-11.0	420	5.2-5.6	440-520	5.5-6.5	205-220	26-28	800	350
	YXG-30	1.08-1.10	10.8-11.0	780	9.8-10.5	955-1195	18-25	220-240	28-30	800	350
	YXG-30B	1.08-1.15	10.8-11.5	420	5.2-5.6	440-520	5.5-6.5	220-240	28-30	800	350
Bonded
	Yb-6	0.4	4.0	280	3.5	800	10	30-50	4-6	–	120
smCo1: 5	Yb-10	0.5	5.0	320	4.0	800	10	50-65	6-8	–	120
	YbG-10	0.6	6.0	360	4.5	800	10	65-80	8-10	–	120
smCo2: 17	YbG-12	0.7	7.0	400	5.0	800	10	85-95	10-12	–	120

Physical Properties of Samarium Cobalt (SmCo) Magnets:

Curie Temp.	Tc	° C	800-850	Coeff. Of thermal expansion	C //	1/° C	~8× 10 -5
Density	D	g/cm 3	8.3-8.5	Coeff. Of thermal expansion	C⊥	1/° C	~11× 10 -5
Recoil permeability	rec		1.00-1.05	Rigidity Strength		N/m 2	~1.5× 10 8
Max. working Temp.	Tmax	° C	350	Compress Strength		N/m 2	~8× 10 8
Electrical Resistivity		Ω Cm	~8.6× 10 -5	Tensile Strength		N/m 2	~3.5× 10 7
Vickers Hardness	Hv		500-600	Young’ s modulus		N/m 2	~1.2× 10 11
Thermal Conduct Rate		W/mK	~12	Magnetization field Ha		kA/m	≥ 1600

Manufacturing Process of Samarium Cobalt (SmCo) Magnets:

Both the types of Samarium Cobalt Magnets are manufacture by powder metallurgy.

The raw materials are melted in a furnace and cast into thin sheets or ingot.

The material is crushed and then pulverized by ball milling or by jet milling.

The powder is then oriented with the external magnetic field and pressed into blocks or near-net shape.

Final properties and density are achieved in following sintering and heat treatments.

The blocks are then cut to shape and magnetized.

Surface Treatment of Samarium Cobalt (SmCo) Magnets:

Samarium Cobalt Magnets are not prone to corrosion and normally do not need any surface protection. However, in some cases surface coating may be used as protection against chipping. Also, as-sintered material is porous, in high-vacuum applications surface coating may be helpful.

During the process of coating and plating, Sinoneo attaches great importance to environmental protection, all coating meets the requirements of ROHS and RECH.

Coating		Code	Color	Minimum Local Thickness	Merge etching time			Working temperature
Coating		Code	Color	Minimum Local Thickness	Neutral salt Spray test	Humid heat test	Pressure Vessel test	Working temperature
Ni(Barrel plating)		Ni	Sliver	10	24	300	48	<200
Ni(rack plating)		Ni	Sliver	10	8	300	48
NiCuNi(barrel plating)		NiCuNi	Sliver	10	72	500	48
NiCuNi(rack plating)		NiCuNi	Sliver	10	48	500	48
Zinc	White zinc	Zn	White Zinc	4	24	48	/	<170
Zinc	Color zinc	CZn/Zn	Color Zinc	6	48	48	/	<170
Chemical plating Ni		Ni	Silver	12	96	500	48	<200
Electrophoresis epoxy		Epoxy	Black, grey	10	48-96	120	0-24	<130
Parylene		Parylene	Colorless and transparent	12.7-25.4 microns Meet the MIL-I-46058C standard	48	/	/	<130

To offer you our Samarium Cobalt (SmCo) Magnets price, please offer the following details:

Magnets grade
Magnets size: As the drawing
Magnetism direction: Which direction to oriented The north pole and south pole
Magnets coating: Without Coating, Nickel, Zn, Black Epoxy, AG, Au, etc.
Quantities: More mass order quantities.More Lower the prices.

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